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Preventive Care

Also Known As Preventive medicine The clinical side of preventive medicine, individual screening and treatment decisions, stays with the Medicine Atlas; this branch carries the population practice, and sources use both names.
Prevention Field
Shield with a Cross

The practice of acting before disease develops or before it progresses, organized around three tiers, primary prevention before a disease process begins, secondary prevention through early detection, and tertiary prevention that limits the impact of an established condition.

Facts
Central Question
What action, taken before illness or its progression, does more for a population health than treatment taken after the fact. 1
Key DebateSourced to the subject's own account
Epidemiologist Geoffrey Rose argued that a population strategy, a small shift in risk spread across an entire population, often prevents more disease than a high-risk strategy that concentrates resources on the small number of individuals already at elevated risk, an idea he set out in a 1985 article and expanded in his 1992 book The Strategy of Preventive Medicine. His own seatbelt example, that hundreds of people must wear one to prevent a single traffic death while each individual gains only a modest personal benefit, still frames a live tension in preventive care over whether population-wide measures or targeted high-risk interventions deserve the next dollar of prevention funding. 2
Key Debate
Screening programs face a recurring debate over overdiagnosis, whether detecting a condition that would never have caused harm does more damage through unnecessary treatment than it prevents. 3
Connections

Associated With

Source Wikipedia: American Cancer Society
Source Wikipedia: WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Source British Heart Foundation (Wikipedia)
Source Public Health Agency of Canada: Multi-Sectoral Partnerships Program page
Source cdc.gov: About WISEWOMAN
Source Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition: Global commitments and China's endeavors to promote health and achieve sustainable development goals
Source Healthy People program (Wikipedia)
Source National Cancer Control Programme, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Injury Prevention
Source Wikipedia: International Diabetes Federation
Source PLOS Global Public Health: The Incremental Cost of Implementing IraPEN in Iran (2023)
Source Jamaica Moves Brand Transferred To Health Ministry
Source PMC: Rationale and Descriptive Analysis of Specific Health Guidance
Source PLOS ONE: Cost-effectiveness of LiveLighter, a mass media public education campaign for obesity prevention
Source Non-communicable Disease Surveillance in Malaysia
Source Movember (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: MPOWER
Source Wikipedia: National Kidney Foundation
Source National Stroke Association, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: North Karelia ProjectWikipedia contributors
Source Directorate of NCD, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health: Healthy Lifestyle Centre Services
Source Susan G. Komen (Wikipedia)
Source Novartis Foundation: Strategic Progress on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Vietnam
Source World Cancer Day, Wikipedia
Source World Diabetes Day - Wikipedia
Source World Heart Federation (Wikipedia)
Source World Hypertension Day, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: World Kidney Day
Source World Obesity Day, Wikipedia
Source World Stroke Day (Wikipedia)

Includes

Breast cancer screening (SubLabel Screening Practice) is standardly delivered as a preventive-care early-detection service.

Source WHO: Cervical Cancer Fact Sheet
Edward Jenner, Figures
Source Wikipedia: Edward Jenner
Geoffrey Rose, Figures
Source Encyclopedia Britannica
Source United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site
Source MedlinePlus: Newborn Screening
Source United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site
Source United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site
Source United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site

Voluntary counseling and testing (SubLabel Screening Practice) is a preventive-care screening and risk-counseling service.

Source United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site
Sources
1. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Official Site
US Centers for Disease Control and PreventionView the Source
2. Wikipedia: Geoffrey Rose (Epidemiologist)
WikipediaPopulation strategy section
Quote, Population strategy section
a large number of people at a small risk may give rise to more cases of disease than the small number who are at high risk
View the Source
3. Encyclopedia Britannica
Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Preventive medicine
    Preventive medicine focuses on preventing disease and promoting health at the individual and community levels and is an important part of public health.
  • Includes: Geoffrey Rose
View the Source
MedlinePlus: Newborn Screening
National Library of MedicineIncludes: Newborn Screening, Summary, purposeView the Source
WHO: Cervical Cancer Fact Sheet
World Health OrganizationIncludes: Cervical Cancer ScreeningView the Source
Wikipedia: Injury Prevention
WikipediaAssociated With: Injury and Violence PreventionView the Source
Wikipedia: North Karelia Project
Wikipedia contributors, Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: North Karelia Project
Directorate of NCD, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health: Healthy Lifestyle Centre Services
Directorate of Non Communicable Disease, Ministry of Health, Sri LankaAssociated With: Sri Lanka Healthy Lifestyle Centres Programme, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Sri Lanka Healthy Lifestyle Centres Programme, Page text
The screened clients are managed at HLCs, based on the total-risk approach to assess their 10-year CVD risk, using the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension risk-prediction chart.
View the Source
Non-communicable Disease Surveillance in Malaysia
Associated With: Malaysia National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Disease, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Malaysia National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Disease, Page text
This was then followed by the National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (NSP-NCD) 2016-2025 published in ( 8 ).
View the Source
Jamaica Moves Brand Transferred To Health Ministry
Associated With: Jamaica Moves, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Jamaica Moves, Page text
Over the 2019/2020 period, Jamaica Moves engaged with more than 150 workplaces to promote healthy lifestyles, hosted focus groups across the island, managed social media pages with daily original content, which saw 53 per cent growth in followers, more than 12 million impressions, and 183,000 engagements.
View the Source
Susan G. Komen (Wikipedia)
Associated With: Susan G. Komen, History section, mission sentence
Quote, Associated With: Susan G. Komen, History section, mission sentence
Susan G. Komen's mission is to reduce breast cancer mortality through community-based programs and research funding.
View the Source
National Cancer Control Programme, Wikipedia
Associated With: India National Cancer Control Programme, Introduction
Quote, Associated With: India National Cancer Control Programme, Introduction
the Indian Government, through the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, initiated the National Cancer Control Programme (NCCP) in 1975.
View the Source
Wikipedia: WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
WikipediaAssociated With: Argentina National Tobacco Control Program, Lead section, treaty purpose clause
Quote, Associated With: Argentina National Tobacco Control Program, Lead section, treaty purpose clause
to protect present and future generations from the devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke
View the Source
Wikipedia: Edward Jenner
WikipediaIncludes: Edward Jenner, Lead section
Quote, Includes: Edward Jenner, Lead section
Edward Jenner (17 May 1749 - 26 January 1823) was an English physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines and created the smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine.
View the Source
World Stroke Day (Wikipedia)
Associated With: World Stroke Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Stroke Day, Lead section
World Stroke Day is observed on October 29 to underscore the serious nature and high rates of stroke, raise awareness of the prevention and treatment of the condition, and ensure better care and support for survivors.
View the Source
World Heart Federation (Wikipedia)
Associated With: World Heart Federation, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Heart Federation, Lead section
The World Heart Federation (WHF) is a non-governmental organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, formed in 1978.
View the Source
Wikipedia: International Diabetes Federation
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: International Diabetes Federation, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: International Diabetes Federation, Lead section
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) is an umbrella organisation of over 240 national diabetes associations in more than 161 countries and territories.
View the Source
Wikipedia: MPOWER
WikipediaAssociated With: MPOWER, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: MPOWER, Lead section
MPOWER is a policy package intended to assist in the country-level implementation of effective interventions to reduce the demand for tobacco, as ratified by the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
View the Source
World Diabetes Day - Wikipedia
Associated With: World Diabetes Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Diabetes Day, Lead section
World Diabetes Day (WDD) is the primary global awareness campaign focusing on diabetes mellitus and is held on 14 November each year.
View the Source
World Hypertension Day, Wikipedia
Associated With: World Hypertension Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Hypertension Day, Lead section
World Hypertension Day (WHD) is a day designated and initiated by The World Hypertension League (WHL), which is itself an umbrella to organizations of 85 national hypertension societies and leagues.
View the Source
World Cancer Day, Wikipedia
Associated With: World Cancer Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Cancer Day, Lead section
World Cancer Day is an international day marked on 4 February to raise awareness of cancer and to encourage its prevention, detection, and treatment.
View the Source
Movember (Wikipedia)
Associated With: Movember, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: Movember, Lead section
Movember is an annual event involving the growing of moustaches during the month of November to raise awareness of men's health issues, such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and men's suicide.
View the Source
World Obesity Day, Wikipedia
Associated With: World Obesity Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Obesity Day, Lead section
World Obesity Day, an internationally recognized event, moved to March 4 in 2020 from its previous date on October 11.
View the Source
Wikipedia: World Kidney Day
WikipediaAssociated With: World Kidney Day, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: World Kidney Day, Lead section
World Kidney Day (WKD) is a global health awareness campaign focusing on the importance of the kidneys and reducing the frequency and impact of kidney disease and its associated health problems worldwide.
View the Source
British Heart Foundation (Wikipedia)
Associated With: British Heart Foundation, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: British Heart Foundation, Lead section
The British Heart Foundation (BHF) is a cardiovascular research charity in the United Kingdom.
View the Source
MAKNA, Wikipedia
Associated With: MAKNA National Cancer Council Malaysia, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: MAKNA National Cancer Council Malaysia, Lead section
The National Cancer Council Malaysia (MAKNA, Malay: Majlis Kanser Nasional), is a Malaysian not-for-profit organization dedicated to reducing the pain, suffering and morbidity that cancer patients often experience.
View the Source
National Stroke Association, Wikipedia
Associated With: National Stroke Association, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: National Stroke Association, Lead section
The National Stroke Association was a U.S.-based nonprofit organization working between the years 1984-2019 to reduce the incidence and impact of stroke, the fourth leading cause of death in the United States.
View the Source
Wikipedia: National Kidney Foundation
WikipediaAssociated With: National Kidney Foundation, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: National Kidney Foundation, Lead section
The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) is a United States-based nonprofit organization dedicated to the prevention, early detection, and treatment of kidney disease.
View the Source
Wikipedia: American Cancer Society
WikipediaAssociated With: American Cancer Society, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: American Cancer Society, Lead section
The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide non-profit organization dedicated to eliminating cancer.
View the Source
Public Health Agency of Canada: Multi-Sectoral Partnerships Program page
Public Health Agency of CanadaAssociated With: Canada Multi-Sectoral Partnerships to Promote Healthy Living and Prevent Chronic Disease, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Canada Multi-Sectoral Partnerships to Promote Healthy Living and Prevent Chronic Disease, Page text
Within this context, the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) is acting as a convenor, facilitating the creation of new partnerships, new ideas and interventions in addressing healthy living and chronic disease prevention.
View the Source
Novartis Foundation: Strategic Progress on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Vietnam
Novartis FoundationAssociated With: Vietnam National Strategy for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2015-2025, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Vietnam National Strategy for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2015-2025, Page text
The government of Vietnam has adopted the National Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Prevention and Management Strategy, which includes a target to reduce the premature death rate due to NCDs by 20 percent in 2025 compared to that in 2015, and to reduce behaviors and conditions that contribute to CVDs, such as containing the proportion of adults with hypertension to less than 30 percent by 2025. b In June, the MOH launched guidance for enhancing NCD management at the primary care level.
View the Source
National Health Mission: NPCDCS Programme Overview
National Health Mission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of IndiaAssociated With: India National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke, Page text
Quote, Associated With: India National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke, Page text
The Non-Communicable Diseases like Cardiovascular diseases, Cancer, Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Diabetes, etc. are estimated to account for around 60% of all deaths.
View the Source
WHO Fact Sheet: Noncommunicable Diseases
World Health OrganizationAssociated With: WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013-2020, Page text
Quote, Associated With: WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013-2020, Page text
In 2019, the World Health Assembly extended the WHO Global action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013-2020 to 2030 and called for the development of an Implementation Roadmap 2023 to 2030 to accelerate progress on preventing and controlling NCDs.
View the Source
Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition: Global commitments and China's endeavors to promote health and achieve sustainable development goals
Journal of Health, Population and NutritionAssociated With: Healthy China 2030, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Healthy China 2030, Page text
There are also several major issues, such as severely aging population, the burden of chronic diseases, the insufficiency of health expenditure, and the great demand on health protection, waiting to be dealt with during the implementation process of “Healthy China 2030”.
View the Source
PLOS ONE: Cost-effectiveness of LiveLighter, a mass media public education campaign for obesity prevention
PLOS ONEAssociated With: LiveLighter, Page text
Quote, Associated With: LiveLighter, Page text
This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the LiveLighter® campaign in preventing obesity-related ill health in the Western Australian population from the health sector perspective.
View the Source
PLOS Global Public Health: The Incremental Cost of Implementing IraPEN in Iran (2023)
PLOS Global Public Health, via PubMed CentralAssociated With: Iran IraPEN Program, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Iran IraPEN Program, Page text
IraPEN (the PEN package implemented in Iran), adopted from PEN and Iran National Action Plans for NCDs, addresses challenges regarding NCD prevention and control.
View the Source
PMC: Rationale and Descriptive Analysis of Specific Health Guidance
U.S. National Library of Medicine, PubMed Central (PMC)Associated With: Japan Specific Health Checkup and Guidance Program, Page text
Quote, Associated With: Japan Specific Health Checkup and Guidance Program, Page text
The Specific Health Guidance There are two types of SHG in this program: (1) Intensive HG is offered to those who have two or more risk factors with abdominal obesity or three or more risk factors with overweight (BMI > 25) but without abdominal obesity.
View the Source
Healthy People program (Wikipedia)
Associated With: Healthy People Program, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: Healthy People Program, Lead section
Healthy People is a program of a nationwide health-promotion and disease-prevention goals set by the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
View the Source
cdc.gov: About WISEWOMAN
cdc.govAssociated With: CDC WISEWOMAN Program, Page text
Quote, Associated With: CDC WISEWOMAN Program, Page text
WISEWOMAN provides cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor assessments, referrals for treatment, and support for lifestyle change among participants aged 35-64 to reduce the risk for heart disease and stroke.
View the Source
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