Public Health

Although screening saves lives in some cases, in others it may turn people into patients unnecessarily and may lead to treatments that do no good and perhaps do harm.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

National Malaria Elimination Program (NMEP) is one of the programs under the Disease Prevention and Control Directorate responsible for designing, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of malaria-related interventions and activities in Ethiopia.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo) established the Essential Immunization Programme (EPI) in 1978 [ 1 ] with the aim of reducing morbidity and mortality due to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) in children through life-saving vaccines.

Kenya since 1980, established the Kenya Expanded Programme for Immunization, KEPI, which set its pace to ensure all child diseases are prevented through immunization from birth.

The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) ― endorsed by the 194 Member States of the World Health Assembly in May 2012 ― is a framework to prevent millions of deaths by 2020 through more equitable access to existing vaccines for people in all communities.

To intensify the fight against malaria towards nationwide elimination by 2030, the country’s Ministry of Health launched a Roadmap for Malaria Elimination and Prevention of Re-establishment in Indonesia for the period of 2025-2045.

South Africa is on track in its commitment to achieve malaria elimination status by the year 2028, as outlined in the National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan, despite facing challenges such as heightened heatwaves exacerbated by climate change with potential to directly impact transmission and the burden disease.

Egypt's Ministry of Health and Population launched the National Immunization Program (NIP) in 1984, and has steadily expanded it over four decades to cover more than twelve serious diseases, all provided entirely free of charge at government health units across the country.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has commended Egypt’s progress, praising its National TB Control Program as a global model for combating tuberculosis.

The National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC) which is at the centre of the institutional framework, was established by an Act of Parliament Cap 10 in 2002.

Papua New Guinea has strengthened its surveillance system for tuberculosis (TB) under the National TB Program.

In Sri Lanka, the introduction of routine immunization has generally reduced the incidence of several vaccine preventable diseases.

The country’s immunisation programme continues to expand its arsenal of vaccines: in October 2023, Bangladesh launched the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to protect girls from cervical cancer.

Lusaka, 26 April 2017, On 25 April 2017, which is the World Malaria Day, the government of the Republic of Zambia launched the National Malaria Elimination Strategy 2017-2021 and rebranded the National Malaria Control Centre to be the National Malaria Elimination Centre.

Tanzania’s new ACT treatment policy, translated in Kiswahili, as Dawa Mseto Ya Malaria was officially launched on Africa Malaria Day April 25 2007 in the Kagera Region in Western Tanzania.

To the Editor: The directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS) for tuberculosis (TB) treatment has been implemented in Ghana since 1994.

Myanmar relies heavily on international assistance, with Gavi as the main contributors; government financing was unstable in the past decade and accounted for 26% of routine immunization expenditure in 2019.

In his address he emphasised that the significant reduction in malaria morbidity and mortality realised over the past few years in Botswana has necessitated re-orientation of the programme towards the elimination goal.

The Vaccine preventable disease surveillance is coordinated by the Public Health Emergency management team located at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute and works in collaboration and coordination with the National Immunization Program.

Cameroon is committed to supporting community actors in the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Through these efforts, NASCOP aims to reduce the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS and STIs, increase access to prevention and treatment services and ultimately decrease the prevalence of these infections in Kenya.

The meeting platform was leveraged for advocacy to key stakeholders for increased funding for malaria control activities in Nigeria as well as initiate resource mobilization efforts for the implementation of the New Strategic plan.

National TB Control is a parallel program of National Institutes of Health and stands out as one of the public health programs on track towards achievement of MDG targets in 2015.

The case of Tanzania illustrates how the World Health Organization (WHO) not only impacted public health by initiating the EPI program but also established a robust mechanism to evaluate the impact of the immunization program through an effective surveillance system.

WHO’s work on immunization in Viet Nam is guided by the Regional Strategic Framework for Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Immunization in the Western Pacific 2021-2030, which supports countries and areas of the Region to achieve the vision and seven strategic priorities of the Immunization Agenda 2030.

The program aimed at reducing the mortality rate of mothers and of children up to 5 years of age by providing immunization and vaccine services against Polio, ECG, TT, Measles and DPT.

Malaysia’s NIP was established in 1950 with the introduction of smallpox vaccine.

The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) consisting of the rules to be observed for management of the nationwide and provincial immunization services in Turkey became effective as of 1981.The main purpose of the EPI is to vaccinate every newborn baby against diseases through the immunization schedule.

Routine immunization programme in Sudan has good political support which has been translated into modest financial support.

Where appropriate the programme will integrate malaria control with other public health programmes maximizing synergies where possible (it will for example work with partners to roll-out of iCCM plus fever case management services for adults).

• All schools, public and private, shall provide basic immunization services to all pre-school and primary school entrants who have not received such immunization, subject to rules and regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Health.

National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTP)

the Malawi Ministry of Health set up a Malaria Control Programme in 1984

Pakistan initiated its Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in 1978.

In 2023, more than 260,000 cases were recorded, but according to the National Tuberculosis Programme this figure does not reflect the reality.

Reduce the proportion of people with leprosy diagnosed with grade-2 disability from 14% to less than 5%.

In Rwanda, the current National Strategic Plan (2018-2024) sets out different goals including ensuring equal access to opportunities for people living with HIV (PLHIV).

La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) en 1974, a través de la Resolución CD25.R27, estableció el Programa Ampliado de Inmunización (PAI), considerando la vacunación y vigilancia epidemiológica de enfermedades prevenibles como estrategias fundamentales en 1977 3 .

En 1998, l’OMS, la Banque mondiale, le Programme des Nations unies pour le développement et le Fonds des Nations unies pour l’Enfance ont créé l’initiative Roll Back Malaria avec l’objectif de diminuer de moitié la charge mondiale du paludisme d’ici 2010.

Considering the knowledge gaps described above, the institution of an integrated and in depth research program on malaria epidemiology and vector dynamics in Uganda would be an important advance.

The vision of National Malaria Control Programme is to have a malaria-free Kenya while the goal is to ensure a reduction of malaria incidence and deaths by 75% of the levels recorded in 2016 by 2023.

The latest data suggests progress is mixed and the world is off track to reach the 2030 targets for HIV, viral hepatitis and STIs.

Active household contact screening for tuberculosis and provision of isoniazid preventive therapy to under-five children in Afghanistan

The National TB and Leprosy Program (NTLP) is the program under the department of the National Disease Control in the Ministry of Health

PEPFAR supported 2.3 million adolescent girls and young women through the DREAM HIV prevention services in FY 2024 versus 2.5 million in FY2023.

The Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS) is the Tanzanian government organization assigned with the task of coordinating Tanzania's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Mozambique is one of the countries most affected by tuberculosis (TB) in the world.

In March 2004, based on the commitments made to the Declaration of United Nations General Assembly Special Session on AIDS (UNGASS), the Government approved its National HIV Strategy in Vietnam till 2010 with a vision to 2020.

Chagas' disease control in Venezuela lessons for the Andean region and beyond.

Malawi began Option B+ (universal lifelong ART for pregnant and breastfeeding women) in 2011, which led to a rapid scale up of women accessing ART irrespective of CD4 count.

“We are looking to convey the Egyptian experience to stop Hepatitis C in other countries around the world, including throughout Africa”, said the World Bank’s health and nutrition manager for the Middle East North Africa Region, Ernest Massiah, during a visit to Cairo.

“ The WHO global surveillance case definition for congenital syphilis includes A live birth or fetal death at >20 weeks of gestation or >500 g (including stillbirth) born to a woman with positive syphilis serology and without adequate syphilis treatment.

Kwame Amponsa-Achiano, programme manager, Ghana’s Expanded Programme for Immunization (EPI)

-PAHO/WHO 2009 resolution CD49.R19 and 2016 resolution CD55.R9 of Neglected Infectious Diseases, provide a frame of reference on controlling and eliminating Chagas disease as a public health problem.

“Cabo Verde and Ghana have demonstrated that sustained commitment is key to the malaria control agenda.

Acabar com a tuberculose como problema de saúde pública no Brasil

1979 como programa, sin embargo, llevamos más de 220 trabajando por la erradicación, eliminación y control de enfermedades que han azotado a la humanidad.

pioneer in the field of public health

contributions to public health

pioneer in public health research and practice

pediatric surgeon and public health administrator

The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, or The Union, is a century old global membership based, scientific organization headquartered in Paris with the stated vision to "A healthier world for all, free of tuberculosis and lung disease".

Imagine No Malaria (INM) is a comprehensive anti-malaria campaign run by The United Methodist Church.

Sabin Vaccine Institute ( SAY-bin), located in Washington, D.C., is a global nonprofit organization that advances vaccine development for unmet medical needs and expands immunization coverage by strengthening vaccine access and acceptance.

The International AIDS Society (IAS) is the world's largest association of HIV/AIDS professionals, with 11,600 members from over 170 countries as of July 2020, including clinicians, people living with HIV, service providers, policy makers and others.

EXPAND-TB (Expanding Access to New Diagnostics for TB) is a UNITAID-funded project launched in 2009, which aims to increase access to tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic tests in 27 endemic countries.

COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access, abbreviated as COVAX, was a worldwide initiative aimed at equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines directed by the GAVI vaccine alliance, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and the World Health Organization (WHO), alongside key delivery partner UNICEF.

World AIDS Day, designated on 1 December every year since 1988, is an international day dedicated to raising awareness of the AIDS pandemic caused by the spread of HIV infection and mourning those who have died of the disease.

World Immunization Week is a global public health campaign to raise awareness and increase rates of immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases around the world.

World Malaria Day (WMD) is an international observance commemorated every year on 25 April to raise awareness and highlight the global efforts against malaria.

World Tuberculosis Day, observed on 24 March each year, is designed to build public awareness about the global epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and efforts to eliminate the disease.

AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) is a Los Angeles-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that provides HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and advocacy services, in addition to humanitarian aid.

Unitaid is a global health initiative that works with partners to bring about innovations to prevent, diagnose and treat major diseases in low- and middle-income countries, with an emphasis on tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV/AIDS and its deadly co-infections.

TB Alliance (formally The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development) is a not-for-profit product development partnership (PDP) dedicated to the discovery and development of new, faster-acting and affordable tuberculosis (TB) medicines.

Operation MECACAR (currently known as MECACAR New Millennium) is a multi-national immunization program launched in 1995 by the World Health Organization to coordinate polio vaccination efforts (currently it is also used to coordinated measles and rubella vaccination efforts).

Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance (APLMA) is an affiliation of Asian and Pacific heads of government formed to accelerate progress against malaria, aiming to eliminate the disease in the Asia Pacific Region by 2030 and reduce the risk of other communicable diseases.

The Innovative Vector Control Consortium (IVCC) is a not-for-profit, product development partnership (PDP) designed to facilitate the development and delivery of new and improved vector control tools to prevent malaria and other neglected tropical diseases.

The Malaria Eradication Scientific Alliance (MESA) is an organization founded on the research carried out by the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA).

Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) is a not-for-profit public-private partnership that was established as a foundation in Switzerland in 1999 to reduce malaria in disease-endemic countries using antimalarial drugs.

FIND (Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics) is a global health non-profit based in Geneva, Switzerland.

Operation ASHA (OpASHA) is a non-profit organization (NGO) founded in 2006 to bring tuberculosis (TB) treatment at economically feasible rates to disadvantaged communities.

Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U) is a health-education message used in HIV campaigns.

Product Red is a licensed brand by the company Red that seeks to engage the private sector in raising awareness and funds to help eliminate HIV/AIDS in eight African countries, namely Eswatini, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zambia.

The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing pediatric HIV infection and eliminating pediatric AIDS through research, advocacy, and prevention and treatment programs.

The Malaria Atlas Project (MAP) is a nonprofit academic group led by Peter Gething, Kerry M Stokes Chair in Child Health, at the Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia.

Changes in leadership have marked changes in focus, resulting in shifts from public health outreach (needle exchange program pushes) to public education (the amfAR AIDS Handbook) to international research and outreach. amfAR has embarked on various national and international campaigns to spur AIDS/HIV research, create a dialogue and decrease stigma surrounding the disease.

The African Malaria Network Trust (AMANET) is a pan-African international NGO headquartered in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Malaria No More UK is a charity working to combat malaria in Africa.

The Swedish Workplace HIV/AIDS Programme (SWHAP) is a joint initiative by the International Council of Swedish Industry (NIR) and the Swedish Industrial and Metalworkers’ Union (IF Metall).

According to a September 2021 study published in The Lancet, COVID-19 vaccination in Israel prevented an additional 158,665 infections, 24,597 hospitalisations, 17,432 severe or critical hospitalisations, and 5,532 deaths from December 20, 2020, to April 10, 2021.

Intermittent preventive therapy or intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a public health intervention aimed at treating and preventing malaria episodes in infants (IPTi), children (IPTc), schoolchildren (IPTsc) and pregnant women (IPTp).

The Global Fund, officially The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is an international financing and partnership organization that aims to "attract, leverage and invest additional resources to end the epidemics of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria to support attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations".

The Against Malaria Foundation (AMF) is a UK-based charity that provides long-lasting insecticidal nets to populations at high risk of malaria, primarily in Africa.

United to Beat Malaria, previously known as Nothing But Nets until 2022, is a global, grassroots campaign of the United Nations Foundation to raise awareness and funding to fight malaria.

The Measles & Rubella Initiative (MRI), launched in 2001, is a long-term commitment and partnership among leaders in public health and supports the goal of reducing measles deaths globally by 90% by 2010 compared to 2000 estimates.

According to a July 2022 study published in JAMA Network Open, COVID-19 vaccination in the United States prevented an additional 235,000 deaths, an additional 1.6 million hospitalizations, and an additional 27 million infections from December 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021. == Vaccination program == Vaccines were distributed to states on a population basis, with the vaccine rollouts being administered by each individual U.S. state.

According to a June 2022 study published in The Lancet, COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom prevented an additional 507,000 deaths from 8 December 2020 to 8 December 2021.

COVID-19 vaccination in Canada is an ongoing, intergovernmental effort coordinated between the bodies responsible in the Government of Canada to acquire and distribute vaccines to individual provincial and territorial governments who in turn administer authorized COVID-19 vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada.

Mission Indradhanush is a health mission of the Government of India.

Malaria Consortium is an international non-profit organization based in Cambridge Heath, London, specializing in the comprehensive control of malaria and other communicable diseases, particularly those affecting children under five.

The Ghana AIDS Commission is a supra-ministerial and multi-sectorial body in Ghana.

The Uganda AIDS Commission (UAC) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) established by parliamentary statute in 1992.

The African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA) is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to ending malaria deaths which became operational during the 64th United Nations General Assembly on September 23, 2009.

Malaria Day in the Americas is commemorated annually on November 6 to promote awareness, recognize past and current efforts to prevent and control malaria in the region of the Americas, build commitment, and to mobilize action to advance malaria goals and targets as the region works towards elimination.

The Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) is a South African HIV/AIDS activist organisation which was co-founded by the HIV-positive activist Zackie Achmat in 1998.

Malaria No More is a nonprofit organization that seeks to eradicate malaria.

The American Lung Association is a voluntary health organization whose mission is to save lives by improving lung health and preventing lung disease through education, advocacy, and research.

The Global Plan to End TB 2023-2030 , released today by the Stop TB Partnership, calls for a global investment of $250 billion from 2023 to 2030 to boost early TB diagnosis and treatment, develop and distribute a new TB vaccine, and accelerate the development of new TB medicines and diagnostics.

WHO response The WHO Global technical strategy for malaria 2016-2030 , updated in 2021, provides a technical framework for all malaria-endemic countries.

The Malaria and Other Parasitic Diseases Division (MOPDD) within the Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC) oversees malaria control efforts, which are decentralized through referral and district hospitals, health centres, health posts and integrated community based management by trained health workers countrywide [ 5 , 6 ].

The National TB, Leprosy and Lung Disease program, has well trained and equipped technical staff distributed across eight sections namely, the Prevention Health Promotion, and Community Engagement, Communication, Laboratory Care and treatment, Policy and Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Research, Supply chain and pharmacovigilance, and Administration and Finance.

The vaccine has reached nearly 2 million children in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi through the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, MVIP, since 2019.

Russell Dlamini poses with partners after the launch of the National Multisectoral Strategic Framework on HIV&AIDS at the Royal Villas, Ezulwini Photo: © Sibusiso Mngadi | UNRCO On 8th August 2024, Prime Minister Russell Mmiso Dlamini launched the Eswatini National Multisectoral HIV and AIDS Strategic Framework (NSF) 2024-2028.

Trump during his State of the Union speech in 2019 and continued and expanded with bipartisan Congressional support – aims to end the HIV epidemic in the United States.

The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) is a centrally sponsored scheme of the Government of India aimed at preventing and controlling major vector-borne diseases.

The launch of Africa's first national antiretroviral therapy (ART) program, "Masa" (Setswana for "A New Dawn"), which provides free HIV treatment to all citizens.

The trust fund, also known as the AIDS Levy, was introduced in 1999 and became effective in January 2000.

The 100% CUP is a multi-sectoral approach involving local authorities, health staff, police, brothel owners, sex workers, outreach and peer educators, with the aim of enforcing condom use in all brothels and sex-related establishments [ 7 ].

The National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), established in 2000, is Nigeria’s primary body responsible for coordinating the national response to HIV/AIDS.

NTLP is charged with preventing and controlling TB and leprosy in Tanzania to the point that they are no longer major public health concerns.

In Zambia the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control unit ( Ministry of Health, 2001 ) stipulated, per the Ministry of Health, that all patients with confirmed TB should receive free anti-tuberculosis treatment.

In December 2020, UNAIDS released a new set of ambitious targets calling for 95% of all people living with HIV to know their HIV status, 95% of all people with diagnosed HIV infection to receive sustained antiretroviral therapy, and 95% of all people receiving antiretroviral therapy to have viral suppression by 2025.

The Solomon Islands National Malaria Programme is currently focused on intensified control and progressive elimination.

Rwanda is ensuring that fewer women face such a diagnosis by prioritizing prevention, starting with vaccinating young girls against HPV, which causes most cervical cancers.

WHO’s post-2015 End TB Strategy, adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2014, aims to end the global TB epidemic as part of the newly adopted Sustainable Development Goals.

Led by a broad range of national and global health partners, The Big Catch-up also aims to ensure stronger primary health care services for essential immunisation in the future.

The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), earlier known as the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), is the Public Health initiative of the Government of India that organizes its anti-Tuberculosis efforts.

The National Immunization Program, Ministry of Health, Cambodia is established in 1986 and has been working closely with partners including WHO, UNICEF, and Gavi to extend both the reach and range of immunization in the country.

La ciudad de Montería, en el departamento de Córdoba, acogió la Reunión Nacional de Supervisores Municipales para la Eliminación de la Malaria, un espacio de articulación técnica, política y comunitaria que reunió a más de 100 actores del nivel local, departamental y nacional, entre el 24 y el 26 de septiembre de 2025.

The National Vaccination Program has introduced a number of important vaccines, such as the sustainable influenza vaccine (HIB), the hepatitis (B) antiviral, the anti-polio vaccine (IPV), the anti-measles vaccine, and the streptococcus vaccine.

Notably the law embeds HIV/AIDS in universal health care by tasking PhilHealth to develop a revised benefit package including medication and diagnostics for in-patients and out-patients.

KNCV has been fighting TB since its establishment in 1903 as a collaborative effort by several private local TB elimination initiatives in the Netherlands.

For more than four decades, PATH has been a trusted partner to government leaders, bilateral organizations, social investors, individuals, grassroots groups, and businesses of every size and type.

Aiming to tackle this problem the Health Department launched its National Malaria Control Strategic Plan yesterday in conjunction with the World Malaria Day at Kemabolo Community School in the Central Province.

The Ministry of Health and Child Care’s (MoHCC) National TB Programme (NTP) has scaled up TB diagnosis using the WHO recommended Rapid diagnostic tests with 87% coverage, introduced shorter and safer preventive TB treatment regimens, introduced child friendly formulations and a shorter all oral (injection free) treatment regimen for treating MDR-TB.

Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop immunity from a disease.

As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.

He is best known for promoting statistical studies of populations, including setting up a system in Massachusetts that became a model, and planning the interview schedules for the federal Census of 1850.

The surgeon general of the United States is the operational head of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) and thus a leading spokesperson on matters of public health in the federal government of the United States.

Le Sénégal a célébré le 25 octobre dernier, le 25ème anniversaire de la création de son Conseil national de lutte contre le sida (Cnls).

DDC Director General Dr Thares Krasanairawiwong emphasized the importance of pushing the campaign since Thailand is among the 30 countries with the highest number of tuberculosis cases, at around 100,000 new cases and 12,000 fatalities reported every year.

Overall, the ninth edition of the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Guidelines represents a significant step forward in Malawi’s public health efforts, aiming to build a TB and leprosy-free future for the nation.

The Isdell:Flowers Cross Border Malaria Initiative is comprised of more than 1,500 community malaria volunteers and health workers who encourage families to sleep under bed nets, accept indoor residual spraying, and to seek care and treatment when they are sick with a fever.

The Malaria Elimination Initiative (MEI) at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Global Health Group believes a malaria-free world is possible within a generation.

Aussi, Mr Mansour Sy a-t-il lancé un appel aux parents à faire vacciner leurs enfants dans les structures indiquées, à continuer la série vaccinale dans le PEV de routine pour qu’ils soient complètement vaccinés contre les autres maladies.

Bangladesh initiated an early response to the HIV epidemic starting in the mid-1980s.

NCASC is now in the process of formulating the new strategy for 2016-2021 that will align the centers collective efforts to reach Sustainable Development Goals.

Cambodia Malaria Elimination Action Framework (2016-2020).

The Global AIDS Strategy 2021-2026, End Inequalities, End AIDS , uses an inequalities lens to close the gaps preventing progress to end AIDS and sets out bold new targets and polices to be reached by 2025 to propel new energy and commitment to ending AIDS.

The National AIDS Commission of Indonesia noted in 2015 the need for increased investment into HIV prevention with epidemiological modelling showing Indonesia would not achieve zero new infections and zero HIV-related deaths by 2030.

Through “Zero Malaria Starts with Me” the malaria partners remain committed to ensuring that every man, woman and child in Africa, regardless of their location, has access to the necessary tools to prevent, diagnose, and treat malaria.

The National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer Control Programme (NTBLCP), a unit in the Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria is saddled with the mandate of controlling Tuberculosis, Buruli Ulcer and Leprosy in Nigeria.

We now have vaccines to prevent more than 20 life-threatening diseases, helping people of all ages live longer, healthier lives.

WHO/Europe staff are public health, scientific and technical experts, based in the main office in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 5 technical centres and in country offices in 30 Member States.

The Global Drug Facility (GDF) for tuberculosis (TB) was launched on World TB Day 2001; it grew out of a declaration made a year earlier by countries attending the Ministerial Conference on TB and Sustainable Development in Amsterdam.